中文摘要：

调节性T细胞是T细胞的一个重要亚型,对维持机体免疫动态平衡具有重要作用。调节性T细胞有两种类型：天然发生的调节性T细胞和诱导产生的调节性T细胞,前者在胸腺中发育;后者由外周幼稚CD4＋T细胞衍生而来。调节性T细胞可利用多种机制抑制免疫应答,这些抑制机制可概括为4种基本的＂作用模式＂：通过抑制性细胞因子发挥抑制作用,通过细胞溶解发挥抑制作用,通过代谢阻断发挥抑制作用,通过调节树突状细胞的成熟或功能发挥抑制作用。文中将天然调节性T细胞和诱导的调节性T细胞的发育以及调节性T细胞的免疫抑制机制做一综述,并简略介绍调节性T细胞在缺血性脑血管病中的作用。

英文摘要：

Regulator T cells （CD4^＋ CD25^＋ Tregs） are a critical subset ofT cells that play a fundamental role in maintaining immune homeostasis in vivo. There are two types of Tregs： natural Tregs, which develop in the thymus; induced Tregs, which are derived from naive CD4^＋ T cells in the periphery. Tregs utilize a variety of mechanisms to suppress immune response. The mechanisms can be grouped into four basic modes of action： suppression by inhibitory cytokines, suppression by cytolysis, suppression by metabolic disruption, and suppression by modulation of dendritic-cell （DC） maturation or function. In this review, the development of natural and induced Tregs were discussed, as well as the mechanisms of their utilization in suppression, and the role of Treg cells in ischemic cerebrovascular disease was briefly induced.