中文摘要：

采用铸造模拟分析软件对不同发热剂加入量下的12t钢锭进行了计算机模拟分析,并预测了钢锭的缩孔缺陷的分布。计算结果发现,随着发热剂量的增加,凝固末期熔池高温区域逐渐向冒口区域移动,并最终从钢锭本体处完全移动到冒口部位,能够很好地补缩钢锭本体部位的凝固收缩。将模拟结果与试验结果进行了对比,两者吻合良好。这充分说明,通过在冒口部位添加适量的发热剂可有效消除钢锭本体部位的缩孔缺陷进而提高钢锭质量和材料利用率。

英文摘要：

12t steel ingots of different amount of exothermic powder were studied under computer simulation analysis by casting simulation software with the distribution of shrinkage cavity predicted. The results show that with increasing adding of exothermie powder, the final solidification high temperature area moves onto the riser gradually and with increasing amount of exothermie powder, the high temperature area from the main body of the ingot moves onto the riser area, so the riser can feed the shrinkage cavity very well. The simulation result agrees with validation experiments very well. It indicates that the optimized adding suitable amount of exothermic powder in riser area can effective eliminate the shrinkage cavity, and enhance the steel ingots＇ quality and the ratio of utilization.