中文摘要：

[目的]研究不同林龄人工橘林土壤微生物活性特征。[方法]选取宜昌市郊区种植年限不同的3个橘林0～10cm土壤为试验对象,研究了不同林龄人工橘林土壤总有机碳、土壤全氮、土壤pH值、微生物生物量碳、微生物生物量氮、土壤3大类微生物区系的数量、基础呼吸、微生物熵和代谢熵的变化规律。[结果]随着种植年限的增加,不同林龄人工橘林的土壤酸化程度加剧;土壤总有机碳和全氮含量先增加后降低;土壤微生物总数量呈下降趋势,其中,细菌的数量显著降低,放线菌的数量变化不大,而真菌的数量显著增加,土壤中细菌和真菌的比值（B/F）呈现降低趋势;土壤微生物生物量碳在小范围内波动,而土壤微生物生物量氮显著降低;土壤微生物熵显著降低,代谢熵呈增加趋势。这表明土壤pH值的降低,影响土壤微生物区系、微生物活性、微生物生物量碳氮和土壤主要养分的变化,进而影响土壤功能的正常发挥。[结论]该研究探明了试验区土壤养分特征及微生物区系的变化,其结果为果树工作者进一步研究果园土壤和进行果园管理提供了科学依据。

英文摘要：

[Objective] The paper was to study the bioactive characteristics of soil microorganisms in different-aged orange plantations. [Method] Taking 010 cm deep soil in 3 orange plantations with different planting years in suburb of Yichang City as the test object, the variation rule of total organic carbon, total nitrogen, soil pH value, microbial biomass carbon, microbial biomass nitrogen, number of 3 main types of soil microbial flora, basal respiration, microbial entropy and metabolic entropy in differentaged orange plantations was studied. [Result] With the increase of planting years, the soil acidification of different-aged orange plantations was aggravating; total organic carbon and total nitrogen content increased first and then decreased; the total number of soil microorganism showed a downtrend, of which the number of bacteria decreased significantly, the number of actinomycetes had small changes, the number of fungi increased significantly, and the ratio of bacteria and fungi in soil （B/F） showed a decreasing trend. Soil microbial biomass carbon was fluctuated within a small range, whereas soil microbial biomass nitrogen decreased significantly; soil microbial entropy decreased significantly, and metabolic entropy showed an increasing trend. This indicated that the decrease of soil pH value affected the changes of soil microbial flora, microbial activity, microbial biomass carbon and nitrogen and soil major nutrients, and further affected the normal exertion of soil function. [Conclusion] The study explores soil nutrient characteristics and changes of microbial flora in test area, which will provide scientific basis for further study on orchard soil and orchard management.