中文摘要：

为了优化预成形设计，提出了针对提高锻件变形均匀性的预成形拓扑优化算法及相关单元增删准则，并开发了优化程序，对叶片锻件翼型截面的预成形结构进行了优化设计．与静水压力的单元增删准则优化的预成形进行比较，结果表明，新模型在模腔充满的基础上可有效改善锻件的成形均匀性．另外，相对简单的外形轮廓也便于预成形的完成，总体优化设计效果比较理想．

英文摘要：

In order to design and optimize the preform, new element addition and removal criteria were proposed for improving the forging uniformity based on the evolutionary structural optimization （ESO） method. By utilizing the self-programmed code and DEFORM-2D FE software, the optimal design of the aerofoil section of the blade was implemented. Compared with the preform optimized by hydrostatic stress from the existing literature, the preform optimized by the new strategy achieves sufficient die-filling and enhances forging uniformity effectively. be formed. The satisfactory preform str Besides, it has relatively simple contour and is convenient to ucture is obtained finally