中文摘要：

新疆盐湖资源丰富,冬季寒冷漫长,已有研究表明利用冬季冷能可以实现卤水浓淡分离。本文采用等温溶解平衡法针对新疆含硝酸盐卤水开发过程中涉及的Na＋,K＋//Cl-,SO42-,NO3-H2O及Na＋,K＋//Cl-,NO3-H2O体系273.15K下的相平衡关系进行了研究。通过查找文献及实验获得两个体系各盐的溶解度及溶液密度,并绘制相图。研究表明,上述四元体系的干盐相图有2个零变量点、5条单变量溶解度曲线、4个单盐结晶区分别对应于NaNO3、NaCl、KNO3和KCl,与该体系在298.15K下的相图相比,硝酸钾结晶区扩大很多;上述五元体系干盐相图（NaCl饱和）有2个零变量点、5条单变量溶解度曲线、4个两盐结晶区分别对应于NaCl＋NaNO3,NaCl＋Na2SO4·10H2O,NaCl＋KNO3,NaCl＋KCl,与该体系298.15K下的相图相比,复盐钾芒硝和钠硝矾结晶区消失,芒硝结晶区扩大,相图大为简化。

英文摘要：

Xinjiang is rich in saline lake resources and has a long cold winter,some researches showed that brine can be separated by using cold energy in winter. The liquid-solid phase equilibriums of Na＋,K＋//Cl-,SO42-,NO3-H2O and Na＋,K＋//Cl-,NO3-H2O systems were investigated by isothermal method at 273.15 K.Based on the data of literatures and experiments,solubilities and densities of the two systems were received and the phase diagrams were plotted. The results showed that the phase diagram of the system Na＋,K＋//Cl-,NO3-H2O consists of two invariant points,five invariant curves and four crystallization regions corresponding to NaNO3,NaC l,KNO3 and KCl respectively. In addition,compared with the phase diagram of this quaternary system at 298.15 K,the crystalline region of KNO3 becomes larger. For the system Na＋,K＋//Cl-,SO42-,NO3--H2 O saturated with NaCl, the phase diagram consists of two invariant points, five invariant curves, four crystallization regions corresponding to NaCl＋Na2SO4·10H2O,NaCl＋NaNO3,NaCl ＋ KNO3,and NaC l ＋ KCl respectively. Compared with the phase diagram of this system at 298.15 K,it was more simple,in which the crystalline regions of double salts,glaserite and darapskite,disappear,and the Na2SO4·10H2O crystalline region becomes larger.