中文摘要：

十倍体长穗偃麦草（Thinopyrum ponticum）（2n=10x=70）是小麦（Triticum aestivum）重要的三级基因源，具有小麦改良所需要的多种优异性状。异附加系是将外源种属优异性状导入小麦背景中的重要种质资源。本研究利用形态学、细胞学、染色体组原位杂交（genomic in situ hybridization, GISH）、荧光原位杂交（fluorescence in situ hybridization, FISH）和分子标记等技术对十倍体长穗偃麦草、普通小麦7182和87-1-9的后代衍生系CH1115-B15-1-5-1-1 （CH1115-B15）进行了鉴定，以期为该种质的应用提供理论依据。细胞学鉴定表明，CH1115-B15具有44条染色体，2n=44=22Ⅱ。GISH和FISH分析表明，44条染色体中有2条来源于十倍体长穗偃麦草的J（E）组染色体，其余42条染色体的FISH核型与普通小麦的FISH核型相同。SSR、表达序列标签技术（expressed sequence tags, EST）和PLUG （PCR based landmark unique gene）标记的分析表明，外源染色体是十倍体长穗偃麦草的第5部分同源群染色体。田间抗病性调查表明，CH1115-B15在成株期对条锈菌生理小种（Puccinia striiformis f. sp. tritici）条中32号和条中33号混合菌种表现为高抗（IT （infection type）=1）。芽期耐盐性鉴定表明，CH1115-B15的发芽率、根长、芽长与亲本和对照相比均有极显著差异（P＜0.01），说明该种质具有较好的耐盐性。因此，CH1115-B15是一个抗条锈病、耐盐的小麦-十倍体长穗偃麦草5J（E）二体异附加系，这为抗条锈病、耐盐的小麦-十倍体长穗偃麦草异代换系和易位系的培育提供了重要的中间材料。

英文摘要：

Thinopyrum ponticum （2n=10x=70）, which contains excellent resistance and stress tolerance genes to against biotic and abiotic stress, is an important germplasm for wheat （Triticum aestivum） improvement. The development of novel Tr. aestivum （common wheat）-Th. ponticum derivatives will provide valuable germplasm to wheat resistance breeding programs. CH1115-B15-1-5-1-1 （CH1115-B15）, a novel disomic addition line from the cross of 7182 （Tr. aestivum）/Th. ponticum//87-1-9 （Tr. aestivum）, was characterized by cytological identification, morphological analysis, salt tolerance analysis, genomic in situ hybridization （GISH） and fluorescence in situ hybridization （FISH） analysis, simple sequence repeat （SSR）, expressed sequence tag （EST） and PCR based landmark unique gene （PLUG） markers analysis. Cytological observations showed that CH1115-B15 contained 44 chromosomes and formed 22 bivalents at meiotic metaphase Ⅰ and the addition line was stable in morphology and cytology. GISH and FISH analysis suggested that, of 44 line chromosomes, 42 chromosomes were common with wheat chromosomes, and 2 chromosomes came from Th. ponticum chromosomes. In addition, the pair of alien chromosomes carried on similar Oligo-pTa535 signals. GISH analysis showed that the pair of alien chromosomes belonged to the genome J（E）. The polymorphic analysis with 2 SSR markers, 4 EST markers, and 4 PLUG markers showed that the pair of alien chromosome belonged to the fifth homeologous group. Salt tolerance analysis at the germination stage and evaluation of adult stripe rust resistance showed that line had high resistance to wheat stripe rust （IT=1） at the adult stage and excellent salt tolerance at the germination stage. Therefore, CH1115-B15 is Tr. aestivum- Th. ponticum 5J（E） disomic addition line with excellent stripe rust resistance and salt tolerance, and it could be exploited as a promising germplasm in wheat breeding and chromosome engineering.