中文摘要：

目的：研究HLA—I类基因单倍型与丙型肝炎病毒感染的相关性。方法：选取丙型肝炎病毒抗体和核酸检测均为阳性的献血者426名和同时期献血的健康献血者709名作为实验对象，PCR—SBT法检测HLA-A、B位点等位基斟型．利用Helixtree软件计算HLA—A-B单倍型，保留频率〉1％的单倍型并对其在HCV感染组与健康对照组中分布进行对比分析。结果：共有22条频率〉1％的HLA-I类基因单倍型，5条单倍型在HCV感染组的频率显著高于健康对照组，3条单倍型在对照组的分布显著高于感染组，其中HLA-A＊11：01-B＊15：02在对照组和感染组的频率分别为8．04％和4．46％（P：0．019）．OR=0．643，95％C10．430～0．962。其余几条低频率单倍型在感染组或对照组频数为0，无法计算OR值。结论：HLA-I类基因单倍型与HCV感染存在关联，其中HLA-A＊11：01-B＊15：02与丙型肝炎病毒感染风险呈负相关。

英文摘要：

Objective：To study the associations between hunmn leukocyte antigen （HLA） class I haplotypes and chronic hepatitis C virus （HCV） infection. Methods： 426 blood donors who were positive on both anti-HCV and HCV RNA were recruited as HCV-infected cohort, and 709 healthy donors were controls. HLA-A and B alleles were assigned by PCR sequencing based typing （PCR-SBT）. Helixtree software was applied to calculate the HLA haplotype comprising of HLA-A and B loci. Haplotypes with fre- quencies higher than 1% were enrolled in the analysis of their differences between the HCV-infeeted and control cohorts. Results： 22 haplotypes were found with frequencies higher than 1% , 5 of which were more frequent in the HCV-infected individuals, while 3 were more frequent in the control cohort. Of note, the frequencies of HLA-A ＊ 11：01-B ＊ 15：02 in the control and HCV-infeeted cohort were 8.04% and 4.46%, respectively （P = 0. 019, OR [ 95% CI ] = 0. 643 [ 0. 430 ~ 0. 962 ] ）. OR of the other low-frequent haplotypes failed to be calculated since no case were found in either of the cohorts. Conclusion： HLA class I haplotypes were associated with chronic HCV infection, of which A ＊ 11：01-B ＊ 15：02 was negatively correlated with viral infection.