为了解青岛市不同功能区居民的汞暴露情况,在青岛市城阳区、李沧区、崂山区和即墨市收集223名居民的头发样品,发汞含量用冷蒸气原子吸收法测定。结果表明,青岛市不同功能区居民的发汞质量比范围为0.02—28.75mg/kg,均值为0.06mg/kg。在223份样品中,有23份发汞质量比超过了美国环境保护局制定的1mg/kg的限值,占总数的10.31%,说明青岛市存在人群发生汞暴露的健康风险。即墨市和李沧区居民的发汞质量比高于城阳区和崂山区居民的发汞质量比。在各影响因素中,发汞质量比与性别、食鱼频率没有相关关系,与年龄成正相关关系,有饮酒习惯的居民的发汞质量比明显高于没有饮酒习惯居民的发汞质量比。
In order to confirm whether there was health risk from mercury exposure to the residents in Qingdao, 223 hair samples of the residents was collected from the different function regions, such as Chengyang District, Licang District, Laoshan District and Jimo City, in Qingdao. The total mercury content in hair samples was analyzed and detected by using a kind of analysis apparatus known as coldatom-absorbing instrument. The range of the total mercury contents was 0.002 - 28.746 mg/kg with their average value being 0.060 mg/kg. There were 27 subjects whose hair mercury content are found exceeding 1 mg/kg, the maximum value established by US EPA, and the percentage of the said subjects to the total samples was 10.31%. That suggested that there still be the mercury-poisoning risk among the residents in Qingdao. Human hair mercury content of the subjects from Jimo City has been detected noticeably higher than those among the residents in Cbengyang District and Laoshan District (p 〈 0.05). The reason for the finding can probably be traced that Jimo is a coastal town while Licang District is an industrial park. The results of our study have also indicated that the fish-eating and the breath of polluted air near the industrial district of Qingdao City tends to account for the chief liabilities of human mercury exposure. Among all the factors influencing the hair mercury concentration of the subjects, age and habit of strong alcohol-drinking prove to be in positive proportion with the hair mercury concentration. In addition, average hair mercury concentrations of the subject group who are 40 years over is found higher than those in other groups. The investigation and analysis results also indicate that the hair mercury content is positively proportional with the age advancing. This may come of the trend of the excessive excretion velocity which results in the accumulation of mercury in the aged subgroup, whose average age is over 40. However, no connection has been found with the gender of residents and the frequency