中文摘要：

定义了一种评价针孔成像性能的品质因数，给出了数学表达式．此品质因数综合反映了针孔成像的总空间分辨和灵敏度因素．基于透射模型，给出了针孔成像中心点等效直径、点扩散函数均方根半径数学表达式．给出了全视场和有效视场下针孔成像品质因数的计算方法，分析了直孔型、刀口型、船底型和长船底型等4种典型针孔的成像特性．

英文摘要：

A figure of merit （FOM） for thick pinhole imaging and its formula are developed. The FOM can describe the total spatial resolution and sensitivity of thick pinhole imaging. Based on the penetration model, the root-mean-square of point spread function and the effective diameter at the center are derived. FOMs at the total and effective field of view are calculated. Based on the figures, the characteristics of thick pinhole imaging are discussed.