中文摘要：

以硝酸铁为前驱体、乙二醇为溶剂和还原剂、离子液体1-癸基-3甲基咪唑氯盐（[Dmim]Cl）作为结构导向剂,采用离子液体辅助溶剂热法成功合成了珊瑚状Fe_3O_4纳米簇,而未加入离子液体合成了球形Fe_3O_4纳米团簇。通过多种表征手段（SEM、TEM、XRD、VSM）对2种产物进行了分析和比较,结果表明：离子液体对于Fe_3O_4的合成起到了很好的形貌调控作用,采用离子液体辅助合成的Fe_3O_4纳米簇具有独特的珊瑚状孔隙结构,因而具有更大的比表面积和更优异的磁性能。

英文摘要：

Nanostructured magnetic materials have drawn much attention due to their unique properties and extensive applications in biomedicine,catalysis,electrochemistry. Owing to the significant effects of different nanostructures on properties,researches have been focused on controllable synthesis of magnetic nanomaterials with novel morphology. In this work,coralloid Fe_3O_4 nanoclusters were successfully synthesized using ferric nitrate as precursor with ionic liquid-assisted solvothermal method. Ethylene glycol served as both solvent and reducing agent,and 1-n-decyl-3-methylimidazolium chloride（ [Dmim]Cl） as the structure-directing agent. In comparison,spherical Fe_3O_4 nanoclusters were synthesized in the absence of ILs. The two kinds of Fe_3O_4 products were further compared by various characterizations such as field emission scanning electron microscopy（ FE-SEM）,transmission electron microscopy（ TEM）,Xray power diffraction（ XRD） and vibrating sample magnetometer（ VSM）. The results show that the ionic liquid plays an active role in controlling the morphology of Fe_3O_4. Fe_3O_4 nanoclusters synthesized with the ionic liquid have higher specific surface areas and stronger saturation magnetization because of the unique coralloid structure.