中文摘要：

地下工程的修建,其支挡结构和止水帷幕会人为地改变地下水的环境地质条件。地下水位的变化又不可避免地危害地下工程的施工和运营状况。国内普遍重视施工期的地下水位的控制问题,而对地下水位上升的影响则罕有研究。日本东京建具有世界上最复杂的地下工程系统,地下水位在1970年前后发生了质的变化,中心区地下水位平均上升了15 m,最大上升了60 m。综合分析了地下水位上升对既有地下工程产生的一系列危害:漏水、上浮、腐蚀等问题,威胁工程运营安全,缩短工程使用寿命。地下水位上升对地下工程的危害巨大,影响深远,且消弭难度极大;应重视未来地下水位的预测及其应对措施。这对于我国沿海城市、内陆盆地、华北地区的地下空间开发利用具有重要的借鉴意义。

英文摘要：

The geological conditions of groundwater can be changed by the artificial retaining structures and waterproof curtains for underground engineering. In addition, change of groundwater level will impact the construction or operation of underground engineering. Much attention is paid to the dewatering and land subsidence problems, but little paid to the impact of rising of groundwater level. Tokyo has the most complicated underground engineering system in the world. The groundwater level had decreased before 1970 and has risen after 1970. The mean rising is 15 m, while the largest rising, about 60 m, is recorded in the central ward. The impacts on the existing substructures, such as leakage, floating and corrosion problems, are analyzed. It is concluded that it is more important to predict and control the groundwater under operation than that during the construction period because the hazards induced by the rising of water level are more urgent, and it is much more difficulty to take countermeasures. The lessons are significant for the development and utilization of underground space, especially in the coastal cities, inland basins and northern regions in China.