中文摘要：

荧光偏振免疫分析技术是以免疫竞争原理和荧光偏振原理为基础的一种以快速筛选为目的的分析技术，主要用于测定小分子量物质（抗原），就是检测荧光标记抗原在结合特异性的抗体前后，荧光偏振值的变化，是均相的竞争免疫分析方法，反应系统完全在溶液中，不需要分离结合的和未结合的抗体，不受溶液颜色、仪器灵敏度变化的影响，该技术最显著的特点是操作简单和检测时间短，适用于大量样本的快速筛选检测。目前该技术在农药和兽药残留分析中已经得到了应用，但是国内的相关研究尚未见报道。文章综述了荧光偏振免疫分析的历史背景，发展历程和主要原理，概括了荧光偏振免疫分析方法在农药和兽药残留分析中的研究进展。

英文摘要：

Fluorescence polarization immunoassay （FPIA） is a fast screening technique based on immune competition and fluorescence polarization principle and is most used in the determination of small molecular substance （antigen）. FPIA is based on the increase in polarization of the fluorescence of small fluorescent-labeled antigen when bound by specific antibody. FPIA is a homogeneous technique and not affected by solution color and the sensitivity of instrument. No separation step is required for FPIA. Simplifying the assay and minimizing the analysis time are the most notable advantages of FPIA over other immunoassays and FPIA is suitable to screening a large number of samples. The technique has been applied to the determination of pesticides and veterinary drugs in environment and food samples, while no studies have been reported in the correlative field in China. The present paper presents the principle and history of FPIA and its application in the screening determination of pesticides and veterinary drugs.