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中文摘要：
沼蛤的入侵和生物污损对抽水蓄能电站的影响已经引起了广泛的关注,而抽水蓄能电站独特的调节规律正是导致沼蛤污损在水库库区和管道中大面积爆发的重要原因。大量繁殖的沼蛤会对有大量较细口径的管道的抽水蓄能电站的冷却水系统造成堵塞,从而严重威胁电站的机组运行安全。本文通过研究长江流域的琅琊山抽水蓄能电站的日调节规律,发现其对水库库区沼蛤幼虫密度及分布的影响,旨在帮助抽水蓄能电站通过调整运行规律,从而减少沼蛤对管道系统的污损影响。在沼蛤繁殖高峰期,我们通过连续观测取样监测沼蛤幼虫密度发现：近水面幼虫监测密度随着机组运行时间的增长而显著增加,而机组停机时间越长,水面附近监测密度越低;而各阶段幼虫在不同水深的分布比例同样受到水库机组运行时间的影响：随着机组停机时间的增加,由于沉降作用,浅层水中后期壳顶幼虫及踯行期幼虫的比例明显下降,而其深层水中比例升高;而具有浮游能力的D型期和前期壳顶幼虫仍然能够保持在原有深度。
英文摘要：
Invasion and biofouling of golden mussel（Limnoperna fortunei） in the pumped-storage plants（PSPs） in China has caught wide attention. The specific operation mode of PSPs is regarded as the major cause for golden mussel biofouling in water intakes and tunnels, and particularly, the cooling water systems of PSPs usually consist of small tubes under high risk of being clogged. This study aimed to find a relationship of variations in the density of golden mussel veligers versus the daily operation of Langyashan PSP, located in a tributary watershed of the Yangtze in East China. Such a relationship is generally helpful in adjusting daily operation to avoid the biofouling in tunnels and structures. We have conducted a series of continuous in-situ observations in the peak veliger reproduction season. The results showed that the density of veligers near water surface increased with water pumping operation time and decreased significantly with stop time. And a similar effect of pump operation time was detected on the densities at different water depths. Normally more planktonic veligers existed in the shallow water layer, but during longer stop time, most of them sank down to the reservoir bed and probably were killed there by sediment falling and insufficient oxygen owing to little water flowing disturbance.
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