中文摘要：

在考虑摩擦角发挥值与墙体位移关系的基础上,利用薄层单元法对未达到极限状态的挡土墙非极限状态主动土压力进行研究。取挡土墙后滑动楔体沿平行于填料坡面的水平薄层作为微分单元体,通过作用在水平薄层的力和滑动楔体力矩平衡条件,建立关于一般挡土墙非极限状态主动土压力的微分方程,得到非极限状态土侧压力系数、土压力强度、土压力合力和作用点的理论公式。对墙土摩擦角发挥值和填土内摩擦角发挥值进行讨论,并分析填土内摩擦角和挡土墙位移比对土侧压力系数、土压力分布和作用点的影响。对计算值与实测模型试验值进行对比分析。研究结果表明,采用库仑理论计算平动刚性挡土墙倾覆力矩偏于不安全。本文方法计算主动土压力结果与实测值的变化规律基本一致,主动土压力分布曲线吻合良好,具有一定的理论意义和工程实用价值。

英文摘要：

Considering the relationship between mobilization and the displacement of retaining wall, the active earth pressure in non-limit state was researched by the thin layer element method. It was considered that the earth pressure against the back of a retaining wall was due to the thrust exerted by a sliding wedge of soil between the back of the wall and a plane which passes through the bottom edge of the wall, and the basic analysis equations were set up through considering the equilibrium of the forces on a thin-layer element of the wedge. By using the equilibrium equations of the moments on the whole wedge, the coefficient of earth pressure, the unit earth pressure, the resultant force of earth pressure and the application point of the resultant force were obtained. The value of the mobilization of the internal frictional angle of backfill and the frictional angle between the wall and the backfill were discussed, and the effects of the internal frictional angle of backfill and the displacement ratio of the wall on the lateral coefficient of earth pressure, the earth pressure, the resultan~t force of earth pressure, the application point of the resultant force were investigated. The results show that the moment calculated according to the coulomb theory is unsafe for the overturning stability of retaining walls with the active translational movement mode, and that the active earth pressure distributions computed by the deduced formula agree well with the measured experimental results by calculations of the engineering ease. The theory deduced in this paper has some theoretical significance and practical value.