中文摘要：

利用内蒙古微气象观测蒸发试验所获得的近地层资料,驱动陆面过程模式Noah、SHAW和CLM4.0,对干旱区沙漠-草原过渡带一次罕见暴雨过程前后的陆面过程各参数进行了单点数值模拟试验,用对比分析法检验了3个陆面模式对沙漠-草原过渡带暴雨过程前后各半个月中陆面各参数的模拟性能。结果表明：3个模式都能模拟出干旱区暴雨前后湍流通量、辐射通量、土壤温湿的变化趋势。除对土壤温湿的模拟之外,Noah模拟效果最好,尤其是对潜热通量的模拟,相关系数达0.99,均方根误差仅7.89 W·m-2。3个模式对于感热通量、向上长波辐射、净辐射的模拟性能在暴雨过后有所提升,而对土壤温度的模拟性能在暴雨过后有所下降,说明3个模式更适于模拟暴雨过后较为湿润下垫面的感热、向上长波、净辐射和没有降水过程的土壤温度,且3个模式在土壤温度模拟方面考虑暴雨影响时间过短。

英文摘要：

The goal of this article is to evaluate land surface models Noah,SHAW and CLM4. 0 in arid regions（ desert-grassland transition）,using data observed at Microclimate and Evaporation Experiment in Inner Mongolia,with an emphasis on comparison of the models performance before and after a rare rainstorm which occurred during the simulated period. The results show that all of the three models can simulate the trend of turbulence flux,radiation flux,and soil moisture and soil temperature before and after the rare rainstorm. Except the simulation of soil temperature and soil water content,the performance of Noah land surface model is the best,especially the simulation of latent heat flux of Noah LSM,with the 0. 99 correlation coefficient and 7. 89 W·m-2root mean square error. The performance of three models in sensible heat flux,upward long wave radiation and net radiation is better after the rainstorm,and the models performance in soil temperature is better before the rainstorm,this shows that all of the three models are more appropriate to simulate sensible heat flux,upward long wave radiation and net radiation in moister land after rainstorm and more appropriate to simulate soil temperature without rainfall. For the three models,the influence period of rainstorm on soil temperature simulation is too short.