中文摘要：

海洋叶绿素a浓度是衡量海洋浮游植物的生物量和富营养化程度的最基本指标之一。黄、东海叶绿素口浓度年际变化显著，其影响因素需深入分析。本文依据黄、东海的地理位置、水深和生态特征将其分为5个区域进行研究。由5个区域叶绿素a浓度的季节变化可以看出，水华发生早晚依次是黄海西岸-北黄海中部-南黄海中部-东海陆架区-东海近岸海区。从年际变化可以看出，除东海陆架外，其它4个区域的变化幅度均较大。在冬季和夏季，5个区域的基础生物量在2008年均达到最低；在春季和秋季，黄、东海近岸和北黄海中部的年际变化较大，5个区域在2006年春季均达到最高；2009年秋季较其它年份均低。5个区域基础生物量由高到低为：黄、东海近岸较高，然后是北黄海中部和南黄海中部，东海陆架最低。从与水温、风速和有效光合辐射的相关分析来看，浮游植物生长的年际变化受海面风速的影响较大。近岸区域水体混合均匀，营养盐丰富，风速较小时水体稳定有利于浮游植物生长，而水深较深区域，风速较大时，营养盐易补充到表层，有利于浮游植物生长。

英文摘要：

Inter-annual variability of chlorophyll-a concentration was significant in the Yellow Sea （YS） and the East China Sea （ECS）. According to the geographical location, water depth and ecological characteristics, the YS and ECS were divided into five sub-regions. Seasonal variations of chlorophyll-a concentration indicated the phytoplankton bloom in these sub-regions occurred first in YS-coast, then subsequently in NYS-center, SYS-center, ECS-shelf, and finally in ECS-coast. Inter-annual variations of chlorophyll-a concentration in four of the sub-regions were large, except in ECS-shelf. In winter and summer, the average chlorophyll-a concentration of the five sub-regions all reached the minimum values in 2008. In spring, the average chlorophyll-a concentration of the five sub-regions reached the maximum in 2006. In autumn, the values in 2009 were lower than in other years. The biomass in YS-coast was the highest, followed by in ECS-coast, in NYS-center, in SYS-center, and in ECS-shelf. The main factor affecting the inter-annual variation of phyto- plankton was wind. In shallow coastal waters where nutrients were rich, low wind speed and increased stability of water column were favorable for the growth of phytoplankton. In deep open ocean waters, high speed wind brought nutrients to the surface and thus helped the growth of phytoplankton.