中文摘要：

参与式扶贫有其高效环节，但它所依赖的治理理论，在国家观上强调弱化国家，在公民观上强调个体公民权为善治的前提，在族群复杂的社会中超越国家，亟待反思。过于夸大其功效，片面否定其他扶贫模式，于精准扶贫和民族团结皆不利。政府主导扶贫确须完善，但若从管理式转为服务式扶贫，完全可在巨大成就上进一步精准化，提高绩效。精准扶贫须立足文化自觉，将参与式理论祛魅并用其利，与反腐败和社会建设相结合，与社会治理并进。

英文摘要：

Participatory poverty alleviation had some efficient technologies. The governance theory, which it relied on, emphasized weak state and regarded civil right as a precondition and even superior than the state for good governance in multi-ethnic society. It would be harmful both to poverty alleviation and ethnic unite, ignoring other poverty alleviations u- nilaterally without reflection on it and its governance theory meanwhile exaggerating its functions like witchcraft. Govern- ment Dominated Poverty Alleviation absolutely needed, also, could improve performance, based on the transition from ad- ministration-oriented to service-oriented style. Based on cultural？ self-awareness, poverty alleviation in China should disen- chant participatory theory and take advantage from it, meanwhile make progress with anti-corrnption and social construction and governance.