中文摘要：

岩土中的剪切带产牛通常是断裂和失稳的前兆，常引起滑坡等地质火害，对油气或水合物等矿藏的开采容易导致压实带形成．压实带的产生使岩上孔隙减小，颗粒破碎，从而导致沉陷、对油气的挤压等．本文重点对剪切带的宽度和压实带的研究现状作综述，阐述在该问题的研究上从微观观测到宏观表述的重要性．通过分析，认为还有如下问题值得研究：怎样准确得出局部化变形带的宽度和方向？局部化变形带形成后孔隙水和油气的渗流会发生什么变化？颗粒层次的微结构特性是通过什么方式影响宏观表现的等等．

英文摘要：

The researches on shear band width and the development of compaction band are summarized. The importance of the relations between micro- and macro-scopic characteristics is emphasized. The shear banding is often the precursor of failure and fracture, which may cause geologic disasters, such as landslide. The exploitation of the oil and gas or the gas hydrate may cause the formation of compaction band, which may reduce porosity and lead to the fragmentation, which, in turn, causes the settlement and the extrusion of oil and gas. In that respect, some questions must be answered. How to obtain the band width and deformations of localization precisely？ What changes of the penetration of oil and gas will the localized band bring about？ How do the micro-scopic characteristics on the grain level affect the macro-scopic behavior？