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中文摘要：
通过调查发现．佛山景区双语使用意识有所增强，但双语使用分布不均。翻译和管理都不规范。翻译不规范表现为基本语言失误、语用语言失误和社交语用失误。其根源在于译者对汉、英语言文化差异缺乏了解。解决翻译问题的主要对策是：常设专门机构负责具体运作；制定翻译服务规范和景区翻译的地方标准；组织专家对所有景区翻译进行全面检查．对翻译不合格的进行整改；加强对景区翻译人员的管理；政府部门需拔专项经费支持此项工作。
英文摘要：
This paper deals with the problem of how to standardize the C-E translation of scenic spots in Foshan. According to the investigation, the bilingual consciousness in scenic spots in Foshan is on the increase, but the bilingual use is out of proportion, the translation and management are not standardized. The failures in translation may fall into three kinds： basic language performance errors, pragma-linguistic failures and socio-pragmatie failures. The root cause for such failures lies in the lack of knowledge of the differences between both cultures. The counter-measures against such problems may include： setting up the standing agency for management, laying down the local standard for translation of scenic spots, carrying out thorough and regular investigations of failures in translation of scenic spots and rectifying them, strengthening the management of translators, and setting up the special fund for the project by the municipal government.
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A new analytical model for thermal stresses in multi-phase materials and lifetime prediction methods
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