中文摘要：

针对现有的无线传感器网络（WSN）地理位置路由在遇到空洞时,集中使用空洞边缘节点转发而导致能量迅速耗尽的问题,提出利用虚拟场模型均衡节点能量消耗的路由算法.传输节点根据虚拟场模型,采用空洞信息、自身位置及目的节点位置作为参数,计算当前位置的虚拟场矢量.根据此矢量方向进行贪婪路由选择.受虚拟场模型的引导,数据传输路径在未遇到空洞时已提前开始绕行,路由能耗不再集中于空洞边缘,而是更均匀地分布于全网.实验表明,该算法在网络生命周期和数据包投递率方面明显优于现有的地理位置路由,在传输延迟方面两者接近,验证了虚拟场模型具有平衡节点能量消耗、提高能源利用率的效果.

英文摘要：

Existing geographic routing algorithms exhaust nodes on the boundary of holes earlier than nodes on other locations in wireless sensor network（WSN）,which in turn makes the network even worse.A geographic routing algorithm was proposed based on virtual force-field model to solve the problem.Regarded the information of holes,locations of relay nodes and destination node as parameters,a relay node obtaines a force-field vector by using the force-field model.Then the node makes greedy forwarding according to the direction vector.Under the guidance of the model,packets bypass holes before they reach the boundary nodes of holes.The geo-routing distributes energy consumption of nodes evenly in the whole network.Simulation results show that the algorithm outperforms existing geo-routing algorithms in lifetime and delivery ratio,and has a similar transmission delay with other algorithms.The virtual force-field model evenly consumes nodes energy in the whole network and improves energy efficiency of the WSN.