中文摘要：

尽管过度竞争的表现形式多种多样，但总体而言在实践中主要表现在竞争过度和竞争无序两个方面。由于过度竞争在相当程度上是地方政府间竞争行为的直接结果，再加之过度竞争涉及面的广泛性与复杂性，因而在研究过度竞争的测度问题时，选择从地方政府地区本位行为入手，应是具有相当的可行性与现实意义的。过度竞争的存在不仅降低了企业的盈利能力与发展后劲、不利于提高消费者剩余以及社会的盈利总水平，而且也降低了资源配置效率、危及到了区域乃至整个国家经济与社会的可持续发展。

英文摘要：

Over-competition, mainly encompassing excessive competition and disordered competition, tends to be the direct outcome of competition between local governments. Due to the extensive influence and complexity of overcompetition, it is feasible and significant to research the region standard of local governments. Over-competition not only reduces the profitability and development stamina of a company, but also goes against the consumer surplus and social profit. In addition, by lowering resource allocation efficiency, it endangers the regional and national economy and social sustainable development.