中文摘要：

大豆脂肪酸组分及配比影响大豆油脂的营养价值和贮运加工环节，是决定大豆油脂品质的最重要因素。尽管品种的遗传特性决定着脂肪酸各组分含量高低，生态环境通过影响脂肪酸的积累动态，同样影响着脂肪酸的含量。以品质不同的3个大豆品种（系）为材料，研究了生长生殖期遮阴对大豆籽粒发育过程脂肪酸各组分积累动态的影响。遮阴显著降低了黑农35和垦农18成熟籽粒内的棕榈酸和硬脂酸的含量（降幅达1．51％），并显著升高了亚油酸的含量（升幅达2．02％）；与此相反，遮阴升高了海339大豆成熟籽粒内棕榈酸和硬脂酸含量（升幅达1．01％），并显著降低了亚油酸含量（降幅达2．63％）。与对照相比，遮阴升高了海339大豆成熟籽粒内油酸含量（升幅达2．01％），但降低了黑农35成熟籽粒内油酸含量（降幅达1．72％），对垦农18成熟籽粒内油酸含量无影响。遮荫对大豆各脂肪酸组分含量动态的影响，因大豆品质和脂肪酸组分的不同而各异。开花后30d是遮阴影响大豆籽粒内各脂肪酸组分积累的关键期，表明大豆群体过早郁闭将影响到大豆脂肪酸的品质，应根据不同品质大豆脂肪酸积累的生理特性确定合理的群体栽培管理措施。

英文摘要：

The component and proportion of fatty acids in soybean influence nutritious value of soybean oil, storage, transportation and facture, and it is the most important factor that decided quality of soybean oil. Although their composition and ratio are determined by genetic characteristics, environment can influence content of fatty acids through changing the accumulation process. Three soybean cultivars differing in quality characters were used to investigate the responses of accumulation process of fatty acids to shade during the reproductive period. Shade decreased palmitic acid and stearic acid content of cultivars HN35 and KN18 by 1.51% ,while linolenic acid content was increased by 2.02% ;However,shade increased palmitic acid and stearic acid content of line H339 by 1. 01%, and decreased linoleic acid by 2.63%. Compared with the natural light, shade increased oleic acid content of lineH339 by 2.01%, but decreased oleic acid content of cultivar HN35 by 1.72%. Shade had no effect on oleic acid content in cuhivar KN18. Shade influenced accumulation process of fatty acids significantly, whereas differences existed among cultivars and composition of fatty acids. Thirty days after flowering is the key phase that shade influences fatty acids accumulation,i, e. early soybean population closure influences the quality characters of fatty acids. It is a good approach to manage planting population based on physiological characters of fatty acids accumulation in soybean eultivars.