中文摘要：

【目的】研究适宜铁皮石斛原球茎增殖与分化的培养基配方,以获得较高的增殖率与分化率。【方法】考察不同浓度植物激素6-苄基腺嘌呤（6-BA）、萘乙酸（NAA）、2,4-二氯苯氧乙酸（2,4-D）和激动素（KT）或其组合,及土豆汁（PE）、香蕉汁（BE）、苹果汁（AE）和椰乳（CM）等有机添加物对铁皮石斛原球茎增殖与分化的影响。【结果】一定浓度的6-BA、NAA、KT有利于原球茎的增殖与生长,KT浓度为1.0 mg/L时较适宜,原球茎50 d增殖倍数达到7.20;2,4-D对原球茎生长和增殖有明显抑制作用;6-BA、NAA和KT配合使用对原球茎增殖效果较单独使用更为明显,其中以0.5 mg/L 6-BA、1.0 mg/L KT和1.0 mg/L NAA配合使用增殖倍数最高,50 d达9.52;一定浓度的PE、AE对原球茎的分化均有促进作用,以添加100 g/L土豆汁的分化率最高,达到92.6%,且试管苗的生长状态良好。【结论】获得了铁皮石斛原球茎增殖与分化的适宜激素配比和添加物浓度,将为其快速繁育和人工种子制作奠定基础。

英文摘要：

Objective To screen the optimal medium formula for obtaining high proliferation rate and differentiation rate of protocorm-like body（ PLB） of Dendrobium officinale Kimura et Migo（ D.officinale）.Methods We observed the effect of different concentrations of phytohormones such as 6-benzylaminopurine（6-BA）, 1-naphthaleneacetic acid（ NAA）, 2,4-dichlorophenoxyacetic acid（ 2,4-D） and kinetin（ KT）, or their combinations together with organic additives such as potato extractive（ PE）, banana extractive（ BE）,apple extractive（ AE） and coconut milk（ CM） on the proliferation and differentiation of PLB of Dendrobium officinale Kimura et Migo. Results 6-BA, NAA and KT at certain concentrations were beneficial to the proliferation and growth of PLB, and when the concentration of KT was 1.0 mg / L, 50-d PLB proliferation times reached to 7.20. 2,4-D had obvious inhibitory effect on PLB proliferation and growth. The combination of 6-BA,NAA and KT showed stronger effect on PLB proliferation than the phytohormones used alone, and the combination of 0.5 mg / L 6-BA, 1.0 mg / L KT and 1.0 mg / L NAA had the best effect on PLB proliferation, 50-d PLB proliferation times reaching to 9.52. Certain concentrations of PE and AE could promote PLB differentiation,and 100 g / L PE brought well-grown seedling in test tube and the highest differentiation rate, being up to92.6%. Conclusion The optimal hormone matching and additives concentration on proliferation and differentiation of PLB of Dendrobium officinale Kimura et Migo have been obtained, which can lay a foundation for its rapid propagation and artificial seed preparation.