中文摘要：

为提高铸坯的等轴晶率和凝固组织的均匀性，以金属锌为研究对象进行了大量的振动激发金属液形核实验。结果表明，当一种带有冷却结构且进行高频振动的晶核发射器插入锌液内时，锌液在晶核发射器表面迅速形核且长大，在高频振动作用下表面形成的晶粒将被折断剥离，从而连续不断地弹射到锌液中，成为凝固过程中形成大量等轴晶的晶核来源；采用带有水冷和气冷结构的晶核发射器对锌液进行振动激发形核处理后，锌凝固组织中的等轴晶率可分别提高到65％和80％。

英文摘要：

In order to increase proportion of equiaxed grain of billet and homogeneity of solidification structure, a great many liquid metal nucleation stirred by vibration experiments were carried out with zinc. The results show that liquid zinc would nucleate and grow up rapidly on the surface of crystal nucleus eradiation equipment with cooling system when the vibrant equipment was inserted into zinc solution. Under the high frequency vibrating action, the crystal grain formed on the surface of the crystal nucleus eradiation equipment would be broken and peeled off, thereby ejected to zinc molten pool continuously and served as crystal nucleus source of equiaxed grain during solidification. The proportion of equiaxed grain of zinc will be increased up to 65% and 80% respectively after it is treated nucleation stirred by vibration with water--cooled and air--cooled crystal nucleus eradiation equipment.