中文摘要：

目的利用fMRI探讨尾状核激活在抑郁症情绪记忆中的性别差异。方法纳入单相抑郁症患者（抑郁症组）39例,男16例,女23例,另纳入健康志愿者（正常组）44名,男23名,女21名。采用120幅彩色情景图片,分为编码和立即提取两个阶段,对所有对象行3.0TfMRI,分析并比较组间及性别间对图片反应正确率及尾状核激活差异。结果抑郁症组男性和女性对情绪图片反应正确率均低于正常组[男性：（65.12±20.25）%vs（79.30±16.17）%,女性：（64.41±25.20）%vs（79.43±15.24）%;P均〈0.05）,抑郁症组女性对中性图片反应正确率低于正常组[（45.11±23.03）%vs（63.38±19.13）%,P〈0.05]。fMRI中抑郁症女性全脑激活以瞬时效应为主,双侧尾状核头部激活均强于正常组（P〈0.05）,其右侧尾状核头部激活强于男性（P〈0.05）;男性全脑激活以持续效应为主,双侧尾状核头部激活均强于正常组（P〈0.05）,左侧尾状核头部激活强于女性（P〈0.05）。结论单相抑郁症情绪记忆增强效应尾状核激活存在性别差异,与尾状核头部功能相关。

英文摘要：

Objective To explor the gender-related difference of caudate nucleus activation for emotional memory major depressive disorder by fMRI. Methods Thirty-nine unipolar depressive patients （depression group） including 16 males and 23 females, and 44 healthy volunteers （control group） including 23 males and 21 females were recruited. One hundred and twenty scene pictures were showed to the subjects. Both encoding and retrieval phases were involved in this study. All the subjects underwent fMRI. The accurate response rate to the scence pictures and the caudate nucleus activation were analyzed and compared. Results The accurate response rates to emotional pictures in both male and female of depression group were lower than that of control group （male： [65.12±20.25]% vs [79.30±16. 17]%, female.. [64.41±25.20]% vs [79.43±15. 241%, both P〈0.05） and the accurate response rates to neutral pictures in females of depression group was lower than that of control group （[45.11 ± 23.03] % vs [63.38 ± 19.13] %, P〈0.05）. Results of fMRI suggested that female of despression mainly showed transient enhancement effect with more activation of bilateral caudate head compared with control group （P〈0.05） and more activation of the right caudate head compared with male （P〈0.05）, male of despression mainly showed sustained enhancement effect with more activation of bilateral caudate head compared with control group （P〈0.05） and more activation of the left caudate head compared with female. Conclusion There is obvious gender differences in activation of caudate nucleus for emotion memory enhancement effect in despression patients, which is related with function of caudate nucleus head.