中文摘要：

为探索底物和碳硫比（COD_（Cr）/SO_4（2-））对硫酸盐去除的影响,分别以乙醇、乳酸、丙酸、丁酸、乙酸为底物,采用静态试验考察了不同COD_（Cr）/SO_4（2-）条件下利用不同底物去除硫酸盐的差异性。结果表明,在35℃条件下,COD_（Cr）/SO_4（2-）为2.0时,硫酸盐还原菌（SRB）对乙醇的适应性最好;COD_（Cr）/SO_4（2-）为2.5时,以乳酸、乙醇、丙酸为底物的系统中硫酸盐去除率分别可达90.29%、81.27%和80.69%;COD_（Cr）/SO_4（2-）为3.0也可维持较高的硫酸盐去除率,以丁酸、乙酸为底物的系统中硫酸盐去除率分别可达88.78%和73.69%。研究表明,COD_（Cr）/SO_4（2-）对SRB可利用的底物类型影响较大,根据底物类型选择最优的COD_（Cr）/SO_4（2-）,能够显著提高硫酸盐的去除效果,可为缩短厌氧脱硫反应器的启动时间提供新的思路。

英文摘要：

To explore the effects of COD_（Cr）/SO_4~（2-）and substrate on the removal of sulfate,the difference of the sulfate removal to five different substrates,i. e. lactic,ethanol,propionic,butyric and acetic,under different COD_（Cr）/SO_4~（2-）ratios was studied in the conical flask with static condition. Results reveal that SRB with the substrate of ethanol has higher affinity than any other substrates at the COD_（Cr）/SO_4~（2-）of 2. 0 at the temperature of 35 ℃.When the COD_（Cr）/SO_4~（2-）increases to 2. 5,the system with lactic,ethanol and propionate as substrate rapidly reaches high sulfate removal rate,being 90. 29%,81. 27% and 80. 69%,respectively. At the COD_（Cr）/SO_4~（2-）of3. 0,the system with butyrate and acetate as substrate has high sulfate-reducing rate,being 88. 78% and 73. 69%,respectively. It is shown that COD_（Cr）/SO_4~（2-）rate has significant effects on the consumption of different substrates in the anaerobic system. Therefore,keeping the system at optimal COD_（Cr）/SO_4~（2-）according to the substrates is an effective approach to increase the sulfate-reducing rate. This also provides a new thought to shorten the set-up time of anaerobic sulfate-reducing reactor.