中文摘要：

自盐渍化地区（黄河三角洲）采集4种不同石油污染程度的土壤样品，从中筛选出高效降解石油烃的4个菌系和8个单菌株。分别以原油、柴油、烷烃和多环芳烃（PAHs）为底物进行培养，测定降解菌的生物量和降解率，研究其对不同底物的耐受浓度和降解潜力。结果表明，获得的石油烃降解菌为轻度嗜盐菌；不同菌株对不同底物的耐受浓度不同，混合菌系对不同底物的降解能力强于单菌株，对单一组分底物的降解优于复杂组分的底物；单菌株I-2、3、5、7能较好地降解PAHs并且对原油的降解能力高于柴油，单菌株I-1、4、6、8能够利用烷烃且对柴油的降解能力要比原油高；降解菌对柴油和原油的最高降解率分别可达78．4％和70．7％，对正十六烷和菲的生物降解率分别高达87．7％和88．1％，表现出较强的降解能力。研究结果表明黄河三角洲盐渍化土壤中土著菌对石油烃污染土壤具有较强的牛物修复潜力。

英文摘要：

4 microbial communities and 8 isolates were obtained from 4 petroleum contaminated saline soil samples in Yellow River Delta, an important base of petroleum production in China. Their abilities to transform diesel oil, crude oil, n-alkanes and PAHs as well as their counts were monitored. The results showed that the obtained strains were slightly halophilic bacteria and different strains had different endurance and degradation characteristic to substrates. Biodegradation potential of microbial communities was stronger than individual isolates. Hexade- cane and phenanthrene were easier to be biodegraded than mixed compounds, such as crude oil and diesel oil. Isolates of I-2, 3, 5, 7 could utilize PAHs well and had better abilities to utilize crude oil than diesel oil. I-1, 4, 6, 8 could utilize diesel oil better. The highest biodegradation rates of crude oil, diesel oil, hexadecane and phenanthrene were 70.7%, 78.4%, 87.7% and 88.1%, respectively. These data indicated that indigenous bacteria had great potential to degrade crude oil and would be applied in bioremediation of oil-contaminated saline soil.