中文摘要：

目的：探讨NOD1与NOD2在变应性鼻炎（AR）患者鼻黏膜中的表达及糖皮质激素对其的调控作用。方法：收集13例AR患者下鼻甲黏膜及19例单纯鼻中隔偏曲患者下鼻甲黏膜（对照组）,采用免疫组织化学方法和实时定量RT-PCR方法检测下鼻甲黏膜样本中NOD1、NOD2的表达。另外收集5例单纯鼻中隔偏曲患者下鼻甲黏膜及5例AR患者下鼻甲黏膜,采用体外组织块培养方法,观察糖皮质激素对NOD1和NOD2表达的调节作用。结果：NOD1和NOD2mRNA及蛋白在AR组中的表达较对照组明显增高（P〈0.05）,免疫组织化学显示NOD1与NOD2在上皮层和黏膜固有层都有表达。组织培养结果表明,用糖皮质激素刺激后,AR患者鼻黏膜中NOD1和NOD2的表达显著下降（P〈0.05）。结论：NOD1和NOD2作为先天性模式识别受体可能参与了AR的发病过程;糖皮质激素可能通过抑制NOD1和NOD2的表达而达到治疗AR的作用。

英文摘要：

Objective：To investigate the expression of NOD1 and NOD2 in the nasal mucosa of healthy individuals and allergic rhinitis（AR）,and explored the regulation of glucocorticoids on them.Method：RT-PCR and immunohistochemistry were used to detect the expression of NOD1 and NOD2 in nasal mucosa from healthy control and AR.Nasal explant culture was used to explore the effect of glucocorticoids on NOD1 and NOD2 expression.Result：NOD1 and NOD2 mRNA expression level was significantly increased in AR compared with control.Immunohistochemical staining demonstrated that NOD1 and NOD2 were mainly expressed by epithelial cells and some unknown cells in lamina propria and there were significantly more positive staining cells were observed in AR tissue when compared with control.Glucocorticoids down-regulated NOD1 and NOD2 expression in AR.Conclusion：NOD1 and NOD2 as two PRRs may take part in the pathogenesis of AR,glucocorticoids may play a therapeutical role on allergic rhinitis through down-regulated the expression of NOD1 and NOD2.