中文摘要：

伴随清军入主中原和统一西域，西北地区地缘政治在清代前中期发生了剧烈的变化：明代中央政权与各少数民族政权在西北地区对峙并存的地缘政治格局逐渐被打破，代之以清政府统一控制下西北地区新的地缘政治格局的逐渐形成。在清统一西北后，西北地区少数民族，特别是回、维吾尔等民族开始逐步成长为独立的地缘政治行为体，对西北地区地缘政治格局的影响逐步加强，并最终对晚清至民国的西北地缘政治走向产生了深远影响。

英文摘要：

As the Qing troops occupied Central China and conquered the Western Regions, radical changes happened to the geopolitics of northwestern China in the early and middle Qing Dynasty. The confrontation and co- existence between the central power and national minorities was gradually broken, and a n.ew geopolitical pattern of the Qing government uniformly controlled northwestern China was taking shape. After the Qing unification of north- western China, northwestern minorities, especially the Hui, Uygur and the like gradually grew into independent ge- opolitical actors, started to continuously intensify their influence on northwestern geopolitical pattern, and exercised profound influence on the orientation of northwestern geopolitics in the late Qing Dynasty and period of the Republic of China.