中文摘要：

为了研究煤层瓦斯渗透作用对煤与瓦斯突出的影响,研制了-维渗透失稳试验装置并进行了试验.试验装置包括煤样室、模拟巷道、煤样压实装置、注气系统以及气压测量系统.煤样室采用多节拼装的形式,以方便煤样室气压梯度的观测以及保证每节煤样室的煤样有相同的压实度.煤样的粒径小于4.75 mm,经15 MPa 的压力压实,煤样室的内径为199 mm,煤样室总长度为1 000 mm,采用球阀作为揭煤装置,球阀孔径为40 mm,揭煤时未对煤样施加轴向压力.试验结果表明：煤层发生渗透失稳时的临界气压梯度为3.12 MPa/m.基于渗透失稳的观点,分析了“口小腹大”突出空洞形状的成因及各种控突措施的作用机制.

英文摘要：

In order to inspect the influences of gas seepage on the outburst of coal and gas, a set of device was made. The device includes coal sample cell, simulated roadway, device for compaction of coal sample, gas injec-tion system and gas pressure measuring system. Several sample cells were assembled to observe the gas pressure gradient and ensure the same compactness of all coal samples. The grain size of coal samples was smaller than 4.75 mm. Coal samples were compacted at 15 MPa . The inner diameter of sample cell is 199 mm and its length is 1 000 mm. Ball valve was made as uncovering coal apparatus and its inner diameter is 40 mm. No axial pressure was loaded on coal samples during tests. The uncovering coal tests showed that the critical gas pressure gradient was 3.12 MPa/m. From the view of permeation in stability of coal containing gas, the process of the holes with small mouth and big belly as well as the principle of controlling outburst measures were analyzed.