中文摘要：

多发性硬化(multiple sclerosis,MS)是一种中枢神经系统炎性脱髓鞘疾病,多发生于青壮年,是成人神经性致残的主要原因。传统治疗仅能延长疾病的缓解期,并不能彻底治愈。诱导性多能干细胞(induced pluripotent stem cells,i PSCs)具有干细胞的分化全能性,在MS细胞替代疗法中具有广阔的应用前景;而体细胞转分化技术相较于传统的i PSCs分化成少突胶质细胞谱系,缩短了时间窗,为MS治疗提供了一条新思路。随着获取神经干细胞和少突胶质细胞效率和质量的提高,未来的MS细胞治疗将有望取得重大的突破。

英文摘要：

Multiple sclerosis (MS) is the most common inflammatory demyelinating disease of central nervous system and remains one of the major causes of disability in young adults. Conventional therapeutics can only prolong the remission duration, but do not cure it. Induced pluripotent stem cells (iPSCs) with the same totipotent differentiation as the stem cells have a broad prospect for application of cell replacement therapy in MS. Somatic cell reprogramming and trans differentiating can shorten the time for generating oligodendrocyte cell lineage, as compared with the traditional method with iPSCs, which provides a new idea for the treatment of MS. With the improved efficiency and quality in obtaining neural stem cells and oligodendrocytes, it is possible to have a big achievement in cell therapy for MS.