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中文摘要：
以水合醋酸锌（ZnAc2·2H2O）和水合肼（N2H4·H2O）为反应物，在未使用任何表面活性剂的简单反应体系中制得了ZnO纳米棒。采用X射线衍射（XRD）、扫描电子显微镜（SEM）、高分辨透射电镜（HRTEM）和室温荧光光谱对产物的晶体结构、形貌和发光性质进行了表征和分析。测试结果表明，所得产物为六方纤锌矿结构ZnO纳米棒，平均直径为120nm，产物结晶完整，尺寸均匀。这种简单溶液法制备的ZnO纳米棒在386nm处具有一个尖锐的紫外发光峰，发射光谱的半峰全宽仅为18nm，在可见光区有一个较弱的宽频发光带。在该反应体系中通过调控混合溶剂的配比，不使用任何表面活性剂的条件下，为ZnO一维纳米棒的形核和生长提供了微型反应空间。
英文摘要：
Well-crystalline ZnO nanorods were synthesized by employing zinc acetate dihydrate and hydrazine hydrate as reactants without using any surfactant. The phase structure, morphology and optical properties of the product were characterized by X-ray diffraction （XRD）, scanning electron microscope （SEM）, high-resolution transmission electron microscope （HRTEM） and room-temperature photoluminescence （PL） spectrum. The results demonstrated that the well-dispersed wurtzite ZnO nanorods have an average diameter of 120 nm. The ZnO nanorods prepared by this simple solution method have a strong emission peak at 386 nm with a fullwidth at half maximum of 18 nm, and a wide emission band in the visible range. Without using any surfactant, microreactors for the nucleation and growth of ZnO nanorods were supplied by adjusting the ratio of the mixed solvents.
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