中文摘要：

研究了完全各向异性超常材料中的倒退波传播现象，得到了在材料本征轴和传输轴成任意角度情形下倒退波形成的条件，分析了超常材料的介电张量和磁导率张量、电磁波的偏振方式对倒退波形成和传播的影响．在此基础上，进一步分析了几种不同色散曲线关系的各向异性超常材料中倒退波的产生情况，获得了电磁波波矢和坡印亭矢量（能流）夹角的具体表达式和倒退波传播的一般性结论．此外，还研究了近零介电常数超常材料中倒退波的传播特性，发现在此类超常材料中倒退波只能是完美倒退波．

英文摘要：

In this paper, we study the backward wave propagation phenomenon in completely anisotropic metamaterials. The formation conditions for backward wave propagation under an arbitrary angle between the metamaterials＇ intrinsic coordinate axis and transmission axis are obtained. The influences of permittivity and permeability tensors and polarization on the backward wave formation and propagation are analyzed. On this basis, we further analyze the situation of backward wave in anisotropic metamaterials with different dispersion relations, and the angle between wave vector and Poynting vector, and the general conclusion of backward wave propagation are obtained. In addition, we studied the propagation characteristics of backward wave in epsilon-near-zero metamaterials, and discovered that the backward wave in these metamaterials is a perfect backward wave.