中文摘要：

【目的】为了评估棉蚜Aphis gossypii Glover对吡虫啉的抗性风险，在室内进行了棉蚜对吡虫啉（imidacloprid）的抗性选育和抗性现实遗传力分析。【方法】采用单头反选育法和群体汰选法，分别得到了棉蚜对吡虫啉敏感品系（LC50为0.176 mg/L）和抗性品系（LC50为14.657 mg/L）。采用阈性状分析方法，获得棉蚜对吡虫啉的抗性现实遗传力（h2）。【结果】相对于田间原始种群（LC50为0.346 mg/L），吡虫啉敏感棉蚜品系对吡虫啉的LC50减少了2倍；获得的吡虫啉抗性棉蚜品系，经过40代的选育，得到抗性倍数为室内敏感品系的83.27倍的抗性品系。棉蚜对吡虫啉的抗性现实遗传力（h2）为0.1478。进一步预测其抗性发展速度，基于80%~90%的选择压力，预计抗性增长100倍时，吡虫啉可使用30.2～38.1代。【结论】这些研究说明棉蚜对吡虫啉存在抗性风险。

英文摘要：

【Aim】 In order to evaluate the resistance risk of the cotton aphid, Aphis gossypii Glover, to imidacloprid, the selection and realized heritability analysis of resistance to imidacloprid in A. gossypii were performed in the laboratory. 【Methods】 The imidaclopridsusceptible and resistant strains were developed by individual reverse and group selection, with the LC50 values of 0.176 and 14.657 mg/L,respectively. The realized heritability （h2） of A. gossypii resistance to imidacloprid was estimated by Tabashnik’s method. 【Results】 Compared with the LC50 value of the original field strain of A. gossypii （0.346 mg/L）, the LC50 value of the imidacloprid-susceptible strain had a 2-fold decrease. The resistance index of the imidacloprid-resistant strain was 83.27-fold as high as that of the imidaclopridsusceptible strain after 40 generations of selection. The realized heritability （h2） of A. gossypii resistance to imidacloprid was 0.1478. It was predicted that A. gossypii would require 30.2 to 38.1 generations to obtain 100-fold resistance to imidacloprid under breeding pressure of imidacloprid with 80%-90% mortality for each generation of selection. 【Conclusion】 The results suggest that A. gossypii has resistance risk to imidacloprid.