中文摘要：

溶解性有机物（DOM）是陆地生态系统中极为活跃的有机组分,是土壤圈层与相关圈层（如生物圈、大气圈、水圈和岩石圈等）发生物质交换的重要形式。它不但是土壤微生物最重要的能量与物质来源,影响微生物的新陈代谢,而且对土壤营养元素（如C,N,P）和污染物的化学活性与生物活性也有直接影响。因此,土壤中溶解性有机物的消长动态已成为当前农业生态学领域的研究焦点问题之一。本文综述了土壤中溶解性有机物的迁移转化规律和主要影响因素,并指出未来的研究重点应在以下几个方面：（1）土壤有机质性质对DOM释放的影响。（2）有机质对DOM数量和质量的影响（3）生物和物理化学因素对土壤中DOM吸附和解吸的影响（4）DOC、DON和DOP迁移转化的差异。

英文摘要：

Dissolved organic matter（DOM） is an active component in terrestrial ecosystem associated with other sphere（such as the biosphere,atmosphere,lithosphere and hydrosphere,etc.）.It does not only provide the soil microbes most important energy and impact on microbial metabolism,and it is also has a direct impact on biogeochemistry of carbon,nitrogen and phosphorus in pedogenesis and in the transport of pollutants in soils.Therefore,the dynamics of dissolved organic matter in soil has become the focus of research in the field of agricultural ecology.This paper reviews the relocation and transformation of dissolved organic matter in soil and the main factors and pointed out future research on controls of DOM dynamics：（i） the effects of soil organic matter properties on the release of DOM;（ii） environmental factors controlling DOM quantity and quality（iii） the assessment of biological versus physico-chemical controls on the release and retention of DOM in soils and（iv） the differences of transportation and turnover among DOC,DON,and DOP.