中文摘要：

粒子微束能够将单个或精确数目的粒子定点、定位射人靶目标，使得辐射生物学效应的研究由定性走向了定量。本文介绍了辐射目标靶研究，以及低剂量辐射生物学效应、低剂量辐射旁效应和重离子微束辐射生物学效应的研究进展。现代精确粒子微束的建立，有助于进一步研究低剂量辐射和空间辐射等生物学效应。

英文摘要：

Particle micro-beam can deliver one or multiple particles to the target locally, and make the study of radiation biology shift from qualitative to quantitative. This article reviewed the progresses on the target theory of radiation, radiation-induced low dose effects, bystander effects of low-dose radiation, and biological effects of heavy-ion micro-beam radiation. The establishment of modem precision particle micro-beam contributes to further studying the biological effects of low-dose radiation, space radiation and so on.