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中文摘要：
针对GPS秒信号包含的随机抖动和较大野值、晶振因老化和温度等特性产生的频率漂移给频率校准带来误差的问题,建立GPS信号校准晶振信号频差数学模型,提出利用状态和参数联合估计的卡尔曼滤波算法对频差信号中包含的随机噪声误差进行在线修正。针对GPS秒信号中较大跳变产生的野值问题,通过对卡尔曼滤波算法中新息序列加权的方式来消除野值的影响,使系统保持高准确度的频率输出。进行数值仿真和实例验证,结果表明：将该新息序列加权卡尔曼滤波算法应用到某GPS校准晶振频率源系统中,能使系统输出频率准确度优于1.0×10-12。
英文摘要：
The method of using GPS second signals to calibrate crystal oscillators can achieve high-accuracy time and frequency standard. However,because of random jitter and large outliers in GPS-Clock, frequency excursion of crystal oscillators caused by aging and temperature can produce errors in frequency calibration. To solve this problem,a frequency difference model for GPS-Clock in synchronism with the crystal oscillator is proposed. To be more specific, Kalman filter algorithm,which combined with the estimation of states and parameters,is used to correct the random noise errors in frequency difference signals online. The influence of outliers formed by large jumps in GPS second signals is eliminated by weighing the new information series in Kalman filter algorithm to ensure the high-precision frequency output of the system. Numerical simulation and verification are described in this paper. The results show that the influence of the weighted new information in Kalman filter algorithm used in GPS calibration crystal oscillator frequency source system makes the output frequency accuracy of the system better than 1.0×10-12.
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