中文摘要：

尼泊尔8.1级地震发生2个月后,该文作者随队开展了为期半个月的尼泊尔地震震害调查。该文报道了尼泊尔8.1级地震中3个调查点的钢筋混凝土（RC）框架结构震害特点。调查表明,除少数医院、政府办公楼、学校建筑为正规抗震设计建造外,大部分RC框架结构为自建民居、商铺。被调查RC框架结构的梁、板、柱均采用现浇混凝土,填充墙均采用粘土砖砌筑。震害主要表现为底层或临街楼层（街道高于底层时）框架柱压弯破坏,填充墙倒塌,柱顶水平施工缝处破坏,部分紧邻填充墙的柱顶部剪切破坏,屋顶女儿墙震损掉落,少数结构发生整体垮塌。该文作者对某一典型区域的框架结构进行了详查,得到6个震损结构的尺寸、材料强度和破坏模式,分析表明,具有较小柱轴压比,较大刚重比的结构具有较好的抗倒塌能力。最后,针对尼泊尔RC框架的震害特点,对比我国相关规范规程和以往震害经验,探讨了防止填充墙相邻柱端剪切破坏的措施、防止施工缝对柱的削弱、非结构构件抗震构造措施的必要性,以及震后建筑安全性鉴定的注意事项。

英文摘要：

A half-month seismic reconnaissance survey has been conducted two months after Nepal Ms. 8.1 earthquake. This paper reports the seismic hazards observed in reinforcement concrete（RC） frame structures at three sites. Only a few important RC frame buildings are anti-earthquake designed, such as hospitals, government buildings and schools, while the rest are non-engineered residential buildings and commercial buildings. All these RC frames were casted in-site, and the infilled walls are clay brick masonries. Typical damages include compression-flexure combined failure in the first storey or in the storey parallel with the street, cracking and collapse of infilled masonry walls, damages close to construction joint in columns and beam-to-column joints, shear failure of the columns due to adjacent infilled walls, falling of the parapet, and total collapse of several RC frames. Detailed survey was given to six damaged RC frames in Charikot, with dimensions, material strength, and failure modes being physically measured and acquired. It is shown that a good seismic performance is always associated with frames having smaller axial force ratios and larger stiffness-to-weight ratios. Finally, considering the measures stipulated in Chinese seismic design codes and seismic hazards in recent strong earthquakes, it is necessary to prevent RC frames from shear failures, nonstructural damages and collapses, while safety assessment after earthquake are also discussed.