中文摘要：

随着相关研究的发展，在冲击波物理、爆轰物理、强激光、兵器等众多领域中，均提出了通过单个探头对小范围内的多个目标，如多个小飞片或粒子群，同时进行高精细度速度测量的要求，为满足该要求，论述了光子多普勒测速的工作原理和光路结构，分析了单探头多目标测速应用时的信号特征和数据处理方法，指出速度分辨率和空间分辨率是决定该性能的关键因素。根据理论分析结果，采用光通信行业中的常规器件，搭建了一台光子多普勒测速仪，并设计了爆轰实验装置，同时利用该装置进行了爆轰加载金属飞片的验证实验。实验结果表明，使用单个光子多普勒测速探头，对单个大尺寸铝飞片、多个小尺寸铝飞片、铅靶喷射粒子群等单个或多个运动目标均达到了较好的速度测量结果，获得了各目标的速度曲线以及多条速度曲线构成的速度带，测量最高速度达到2．5km／s，工作距离达到20mm。研究结果对于深入探索光子多普勒测速技术在单探头多目标测速中的应用有重要的参考意义。

英文摘要：

As the investigation deepened,it is necessary to measure the velocities of multiple targets,such as several flyers and a large number of granules,using just one probe,in the field of explosion and shock waves physics,intense laser,weapon,et al..The operational principle and topology of photonic Doppler velocimetry are introduced.The signal characteristics and signal processing are analyzed,when the velocities of multiple targets are measured with just one probe,and the velocity resolution and spatial resolution are two key factors for measuring multiple velocities.According to the analysis,aphotonic Doppler velocimetry is assembled on the basis of the optical Doppler effects,using the components well developed in the telecommunication industry,and the velocity of the explosively driven metal plate are tested by the proposed photonic Doppler velocimetry.The experimental results show that the velocities of one large aluminum flyer,several small aluminum flyers and a large number of lead granules are measured with just one probe,the velocity is up to 2.5 km/s,and the work distance is up to 20 mm.The research results will provide a valuable reference for the practical application of photonic Doppler velocimetry to measure multiple targets′velocities.