中文摘要：

以凹凸棒石黏土和废活性白土为原料，通过铁盐水解法、有机质热裂解炭化和对气氛的控制，在凹凸棒石表面负载γ-Fe2O3和炭（carbon，C），制备凹凸棒石／γ-Fe2O3/C纳米复合材料。通过磁化率、红外吸收光谱、透射电镜、x射线衍射等对样品进行了研究。结果表明：凹凸棒石忙Fe2O3／C纳米复合材料具有良好的磁性能，γ-Fe2O3颗粒较好地负载到了凹凸棒石晶体的表面，颗粒直径为10-60nm；炭以无定形的形态负载在凹凸棒石晶体表匿和晶体之间，复合材料中的含炭率为7．4％（质量分数），且复合材料中出现了C-H和C=O官能团；复合材料对有机污染物的亲和性明显高于凹凸棒石的，实现了黏土矿物吸附剂亲有机物和强磁性改性。

英文摘要：

Palygorskite/γ-Fe2O3/carbon（C） nanometer composite material acting as magnetic adsorbent was prepared by palygorskite and spent bleaching earth as raw materials through the process of ferrous hydrolysis, decomposition and carbonization of organic matter in spent bleaching earth residue under controlled atmosphere during calcination. The samples were analyzed using magnetic spectroscopy, infrared spectroscopy, transmission microscopy and X-ray diffraction. The results show that the composite has good magnetic performance for electric magnetic extraction. The γ-Fe2O3 particles are loaded onto the palygorskite crystal surface and the nanoparticle diameter is about 10-60 nm. Carbon is loaded as amorphous phase onto the palygorskite crystal surface and the carbon amount in the composite is 7.4% （in mass）. There are function groups of C--H and C=O on the surface of the palygorskite/γ-Fe2O3/C and the phenol removal efficiency of the composite material is better than that of palygorskite.