中文摘要：

专利的复杂性、结构化、抽象性和唯一性等特点使专利的检索与分析方式比传统文本遇到更多的挑战,专利研究正从专利数据库的构建、检索逐步向专利的分析和挖掘方向发展.首先对专利检索的3个关键点：文档建模、无效性检索和检索评价的研究现状进行了总结,对目前所取得的主要研究成果做了介绍和对比.接着,着重从专利分析的3个方面：专利技术功效分析、专利聚类和质量分析,阐述了国内外学者所取得的主要研究成果.最后,展望了未来专利检索与分析领域的研究热点和方向.

英文摘要：

The complexity, structuring, abstractness and uniqueness of patents make its retrieval and analysis encounter more challenge than traditional texts. The related research o{ patents is developing from databases＇ building, retrieval to patents＇ analysis and mining. Aiming at the three key issues in patent retrieval namely document modeling, invalidity retrieval and retrieval evaluation, the recent research rneth- ods are presented and contrasted. The main research works about patent analysis are reviewed in detail in three aspects： technology effect analysis, patent clustering, and patent quality analysis. At last, on the basis of the above overview, some hotspots and directions which should be studied are offered.