中文摘要：

对乌鲁木齐河源区生长的12种藓类植物叶尖的顶端细胞,以及与其相邻的其他叶尖细胞表面的小孔、乳突、角质层纹饰等微结构,进行光学显微镜和扫描电镜观察,为高山冻原区苔藓植物的结构、分类及生理生态学研究提供理论依据。结果表明：大多数藓类植物叶尖的顶端细胞透明,但形态各异,细胞比叶片细胞长,干时细胞壁有的收缩凹陷,有的并不收缩,细胞壁表面有不规则细纹及细小的颗粒;叶尖在干时边缘内卷或拧卷、细胞壁厚、表面有较多的小孔,这些特征有利于水分的吸收及抵御长期寒冷、反射太阳辐射对其伤害而适应环境所形成的生存策略。叶尖的类型对苔藓植物科、属级的分类意义不大,但其微形态如叶尖顶端细胞及其他细胞的形状、数目、细胞壁的凹陷程度以及其上角质层纹饰、乳突、粗疣及小孔等微形态结构特征,在同属的不同种之间存在明显差异,具有一定的分类学价值。

英文摘要：

The micromorphological structure of bristle,wart and cutile ornamentation of cells of leaf apex and their neighbor cells of twelve mosses from the source area of Urumqi river were observed by LM and SEM.The results indicated that cells on the top of the leaf apex of most species of the species were transparent,longer and thinner than leaf cell,but with various shape;cell wall was sunken with irregular microgroove and fine particles when it was dry,but not always contracted.Margin of the leaf apex was involuted or twisted,and cell wall was thick with many small pores when it was dry.These characteristics are benefit to absorption of water and adaptive survival strategy for resisting hurt from long period cold and solar radiation.Types of leaf apex have little significance to the classification of family and genus of bryophytes,but the micromorphological structure of cells on the top of the leaf apex and shape,cell number and sunken degree of cell wall and micromorphological structure of wart,mastoid,cutile ornamentation and small pore of other cells are obviously different among different species in same genus,with certain meaning for classification of species under genus level.