中国西北部石炭纪-早二叠世喷发的天山裂谷火山岩系构成了一个大火成岩省。该火山岩系的组成以玄武质熔岩为主,其次有中性和酸性熔岩及火山碎屑岩。根据岩石学、主元素、微量元素和Sr—Nd—Pb同位素数据,天山玄武岩可分为两个主要岩浆类型:①高Ti/Y(HT)类型,以高Ti/Y(〉500)、高Ce/Y(〉3)和相对低Nb/Zr(〈0.11)、低εNd(t)为特征;②低Ti/Y(LT)类型,以低Ti/Y(〈500)为特征。LT熔岩又可以进一步分为两个亚类:LT1熔岩以低Nb/Zr(〈0.15)和高εNd(t)(+3.1~+9.7)为特征;LT2熔岩具有较高的Nb/Zr值(〉0.16)和较低的εNd(t)值(-0.98~-2.91)。元素和同位素数据表明,HT和LT熔岩的化学变异不是由一个共同母岩浆的结晶分异作用所产生。它们极有可能是源于一种似洋岛玄武岩源的幔源(^87St/^86Sr(t)≈0.7045,εNd(t)≈+4,^206Pb/^204Pb(t)≈18.35.^207Pb/^204Pb(t)≈15.66,^208Pb/^204Pb(t)≈38.25.La/Nb≈0.7),且具有不同的熔融条件和经受了不同的分异和混染。以碱性熔岩为主的HT熔岩是产生于幔源石榴子石稳定区的低度部分熔融,其化学变异受控于单斜辉石(Cpx)[士橄榄石(O1)]分离作用。相反,LT类型的母岩浆则是形成于幔源的尖晶石一石榴子石过渡带:碱性LT2亚类的母岩浆是产生于部分熔融程度较低的条件下;而以拉斑玄武质为主的LT1亚类的母岩浆则是产生于部分熔融条件较高的条件下:它们经受了浅层辉长岩质分离作用,化学变异较大。天山玄武岩可能是产生于地幔柱头。HT和LT岩浆的岩石成因又进一步为地壳和岩石圈地幔的混染作用所复杂化。我们的研究揭示,天山大火成岩省的火山岩中存在空间上的岩石地球化学变化。天山东段的LT1火山岩系的厚度最大.它们记录了玄?
The Tianshan rift-related volcanic rocks make up a large igneous province erupted during the Carboniferous-Early Permian period in northwestern China. The volcanic successions comprise thick piles of basaltic lavas and subordinate intermediate and silicic lavas and pyroclastics. Based on petrographic, major and trace element, and Sr-Nd-Pb isotope data, the Tianshan basalts can be classified into two major magma types. These are: (1) a high-Ti/Y (HT) type that exhibits high Ti/Y C〉500), Ce/Y (〉3), and relatively low Nb/Zr (〈 0. 11) and εNd (t) (-1. 15); (2) a low-Ti/Y (LT) that has low Ti/Y (〈 500). The LT lavas can be luther divided into two subtypes. LT1 lavas exhibit lower Nb/Zr (〈0. 15) and higher εNd (t) (+3. 1to+9. 7); LT2 lavas have higher Nb/Zr (〉 0. 16) and lower εNd (t) (=-0. 98to - 2. 91). Elemental and isotopic data suggest that the chemical variations of the HT and LT lavas can not be explained by crystallization from a common parental magma. Instead, they most likely originated from an oceanic-island-basalt-like mantle source (^87Sr/^86Sr (t) ≈0. 7045, εNd (t) ≈+4,^206Pb/^204Pb (t)≈18. 35,^207Pb/^204Pb (t) ≈15. 66,^208Pb/^204Pb (t) ≈38. 25, La/Nb≈0. 7) under various melting conditions and underwent distinct differentiation and contamination processes. The predominantly HT alkaline lavas were generated by low degrees of partial melting in the garnet stability field of the mantle source. The chemical variation of the HT lavas is controlled by a clinopyroxene (Cpx) [±olivine (O1)] fractionation. In contrast, parental magmas of the LT type were generated by lower degree of partial melting for the LT2 (alkaline) subtype and by higher degree of partial melting for the LT1 (predominantly tholeiitic) subtype of the mantle source around the spinel-garnet transition zone. These magmas were then subjected to shallow level gabbroic fractionation, which led to larger chemical