中文摘要：

为研究玻璃粉在植物核酸提取中的应用，比较了玻璃粉颗粒大小、离液盐种类及浓度、pH等条件对玻璃粉吸附核酸的影响，得出玻璃粉吸附核酸的各种最佳条件。结果表明，普通玻璃粉吸附核酸能力强于硅胶和硅藻土，玻璃粉颗粒的直径以83Ixm为佳，pH4．0时吸附效果达到最大。提取DNA时，NaCl浓度应大于3mol／L，而提取RNA时，异硫氰酸胍大于2mol／L就能取得很好的效果，此外，在玻璃粉吸附RNA前，需要加入50％以上的无水乙醇才能更好地吸附。利用玻璃粉制作简易纯化柱，可用于植物组织核酸提取纯化，所提取的核酸纯度高、完整性好，可用于酶切、杂交和PCR等实验。与传统方法相比，采用玻璃粉简易离心柱提取植物核酸，效果好、环保、快速、经济。

英文摘要：

In order to study the application of nucleic acid extraction from plant tissue, the optimum condition of glass powder binding to nucleic acid was gained by comparing the effects of diameter of glass powder, chaotropie salt kinds and concentrations, pH on nucleic acid binding to glass powder. The results showed that glass powder had higher ability to absorb nucleic acid than silica and diatomite, and glass powder with 83 trm diameter was better. The glass powder has the strongest absorption ability under pH 4.0. The NaC1 concentration should be higher then 3 mol/L in order to gain the highest yield of DNA, and glass powder can better absorb RNA with more than 2 mol/L guanidine thiocyanate. Besides, it was more effective by adding more than 50% anhydrous ethanol before glass powder absorb RNA. Nucleic acid extracted from plant tissue through the simple purification column, that was made by glass powder, can be applied for restriction digestion, hybridization and PCR. Compared with traditional methods, using glass powder column to entract nucleic acid from plant tissue is effective, envionmentally friendly, fast and economic.