中文摘要：

对反演的中间过程进行质量控制可有效改善反演过程的适定性及反演结果的可信度。采用反射率法正演模拟、共轭梯度法反演的正反演体系，在反演过程中将不同慢度数据计算的梯度排列形成慢度-深度域梯度面板。梯度面板反映的是对应不同入射角（即不同水平慢度）的数据所提供的梯度，具有类似偏移中共成像点道集的含义。再利用梯度面板分别对反演的初值、分频反演中的频带选择、分层反演中的层段选择以及分慢度反演中的慢度选择等方面进行质量控制。模型测试表明基于梯度面板的质量控制是可行的。

英文摘要：

The stability and reliability of inversion can be modified and improved by controlling the quality of inversion intermediate results. The refleetivity modeling method and conjugate gradient inversion method are used in this paper. In the process of inversion, the negative gradient is lined up according to the horizontal slowness to form the negative gradient panel in a slowness-depth domain. In the negative gradient panel the gradient represents the contribution provided by data with different incident angles （i. e. different horizontal slowness or ray parameter）. Thus, the negative gradient panel has the similar meaning as the common imaging point gather in migration and can be used for tool controlling process of inversion. The roles of quality control that the negative gradient imposed on the process of inversion are discussed from the following aspects： the rationality assessment of the inversion initial value; the correctness evaluation of parameter selection when using three inversion strategies, especifically, the correctness evaluation of the frequency-band selection in frequency-division inversion, the correctness evaluation of the layer segment selection in layer-division inversion, and the correctness evaluation of the slowness components selection in slowness-division inversion. The test using model indicates that the quality control for inversion intermediate results based on negative gradient panel is feasible.