中文摘要：

试验旨在摸索猪卵母细胞孤雌激活的电场强度和脉冲时间,并探索渗透压阶段培养法对孤雌胚胎后期发育的影响。猪卵母细胞成熟培养42～44h后,分别在电场强度2.1、2.3、2.5kV/mm和脉冲时间30、60、90μs的9组电激活参数下进行孤雌激活试验;卵母细胞在2.1kV/mm和30μs的参数下进行孤雌激活后,分别培养于渗透压为271、280、290、302mOsm的PZM-3中,48h后移入渗透压280mOsm的PZM-3中继续培养96h;孤雌胚胎于电激活后先在含2mmol/L 6-DMAP的PZM-3中培养4～6h,然后移入不含6-DMAP的PZM-3中继续培养。试验结果表明,电场强度和脉冲时间两个参数间无显著的交互作用（P〉0.05）,脉冲时间相同条件下,卵裂率在不同电场强度条件下均无显著差异（P〉0.05）,2.1和2.5kV/mm的电场强度条件下,脉冲时间为30μs时的卵裂率显著高于60和90μs（P〈0.05）,而2.3kV/mm电场强度下3个脉冲时间试验组的卵裂率无显著差异（P〉0.05）,各试验组的囊胚率无显著差异（P〉0.05）;孤雌胚胎在渗透压为290～310mOsm的PZM-3中培养48h,卵裂率得到显著提高（P〈0.05）,渗透压对囊胚率无显著影响（P〉0.05）;6-DMAP对孤雌胚胎卵裂率无显著影响（P〉0.05）,但可以显著提高囊胚率（P〈0.05）。结果提示,猪卵母细胞孤雌激活需要较高的电场强度（2.1～2.3kV/mm）而脉冲时间不宜过长（30μs）;48h的高渗培养和6-DMAP的辅助激活有助于孤雌胚胎的后期发育。

英文摘要：

The experiment was conduced to grope the electrical field strength and pulse width of porcine oocyte parthenogenetic and the effect of stage-culture method of osmotic pressure on parthenogentic embryo development. Afer 42 to 44 h of in vitro maturation, porcine oocytes were activated under the condition of 2.1, 2.3, 2.5 kV/mm and 30, 60, 90 las, respectively. With using the parameter of 2.1 kV/mm and 30/as for parthenogenetic activation, the oocytes were cultured in PZM-3 with the osmotic pressure of 271, 280, 290, 302 mOsm separately. Afer electrical activation, the oocyte were cultured in PZM-3 with 2 mmol/L 6-DMAP for 4 to 6 h and then cultured in PZM-3 without 6-DMAP for the last time. The results showed that there were no interaction between electrical field strength and pulse width（P〉0.05）. When the pulse time is fixed, the cleavage rate at various electric field conditions were not significantly different （P〉0. 05）. When considering the electric field strength of 2.1 kV/mm and 2.5 kV/mm cleavage rate of pulse time 30/as was significantly higher than 60/as and 90μs, but at the electric field strength of 2.3 kV/mm, there was no significant of cleavage rate （P〉0.05）. However, the blastocyte rate of each test group had no significant difference（P〉0.05）. Cultured for 48 h under the condition of osmotic pressure of 290 to 310 mOsm in PZM-3, the cleavage rate of parthenogentic embryos were significant higher than other groups（P〈0.05）, however, there were no significant difference of blastocyte rate（P〉0.05）. 6-DMAP had no significant effect on the cleavage rate of parthenogentic embryo（P〉0.05） but the blastocyte rate was significantly increased（P〈 0.05）. These results indicated that porcine oocyte activation needs high electrical field strength （2. 1 to 2. 3 kV/mm） but the pulse width must be short（30 /as）. Hypertonie culture for 48 h and second activation with 6-DMAP will promote the later stage development of parthenogentic embryo.