中文摘要：

研究了常压渣油组分在苯溶液中的电导率。采用液相色谱法将大港、中东、塔河常压渣油各分成6个组分，测定了各组分苯溶液的电导率，并从各组分的平均相对分子质量、介电常数等数据计算了它们的平均偶极矩。采用极限质量分数电导率比较了大港、中东、塔河常压渣油各组分的导电能力和渣油体系的胶体稳定性。结果表明，各组分苯溶液的电导率随着组分质量分数的增大而增大，两者呈线性关系。3种渣油各组分的极限质量分数电导率均按以下顺序依次减小：沥青质、重胶质、中胶质、轻胶质、重芳烃、轻芳烃和饱和分；平均偶极矩也按该顺序依次下降，与极限质量分数电导率下降趋势相同，但下降幅度不同；大港常压渣油沥青质组分的平均偶极矩远小于中东和塔河常压渣油的，但极限质量分数电导率却大于它们的。3种渣油中，大港常压渣油的胶体稳定性最好。

英文摘要：

Dagang atmosphere residue （DG-AR）, Middle East atmospheric residue （ME-AR） and Tahe atmosphere residue （TH-AR） were respectively fractionated into six components, including saturates and light aromatics, heavy aromatics, light resin, middle resin, heavy resin and asphaltene. The conductivity of the component-benzene solutions was measured. The mean dipole moments of each component were calculated from its relative molecular mass, dielectric constant, etc. In addition, the mass fraction conductivities of them were calculated. The limiting mass fraction conductivity was obtained by extrapolating the curve of mass fraction conductivity vs the mass fraction of the component-benzene solutions. The results showed that limiting mass fraction conductivity values decreased from asphaltene to saturates and light aromatics, one by one. Furthermore, the mean dipole moments decreased also from asphaltenes to saturates and light aromatics one by one, which was consistent with the change trend of limiting mass fraction conductivity, but was different in change extent. The mean dipole moment of DG-AR asphaltene was far less than that of ME-AR or TH-AR, and its limiting mass fraction conductivity was far more than that of ME-AR or TH-AR. Among the three atmosphere residues, the colloidal stability （CSP） of DG AR was the best.