中文摘要：

设计一种综合应用激光三角法和二维机器视觉测量技术测量方法，实现对多高度小零件二维几何尺寸的测量。首先在测量高度范围内，利用线结构光进行高度测量标定，采用多项式拟合建立线结构光成像位置与高度的关系；用精密圆形靶标对不同高度平面进行二维尺寸标定，分别考虑不同高度平面坐标系映射到图像坐标系后光学放大率不同和坐标系间的不平行，CCD摄像枳．阵列垂直方向与水平方向不一定垂直的情况，以及光学镜头畸变等得到不同平面所在高度的二维尺寸测量标定参数，由此建立起各二维尺寸标定参数和高度的函数关系。对具有不同高度的小零件进行测量，并与三坐标测量机结果进行比对，多次测量的高度最大误差小于0．032mm，二维尺寸最大误差均小于0．08mm。

英文摘要：

A new method to measure step-style work piece based on laser triangle and 2D computer vision technology is designed. The functional relationship fitted as polynomial expression between the laser line structured light and work piece heights within the measuring height range is calibrated, and the relationship between the work piece different heights and their corresponding 2D plane calibration parameters is established using a dedicate circular target, after considering the effects of different optical magnification when the different height world reference frame projected on image reference frame and their corresponding coordinate axes are not parallel with each other, upright pixel array and horizontal pixel array of CCD are not very perpendicular with each other, and the optical distortion of lens. The method is then applied to a work piece with different height and the result are compared with CMM measurement, the results show that the maximum error of heights is less than 0.032mm, and the 2D scale measurement is less than 0.08mm.