中文摘要：

目的通过用青霉素、海人酸2种药物制作癫痫模型，探讨2种致痫剂的作用特点及应用条件。方法取健康雄性昆明小鼠90只，分为3组，对照组（n=10）、青霉素致痫组（n=40）和海人酸致痫组（n=40），青霉素致痫组腹腔注射青霉素7×10^6U／kg，海人酸致痫组腹腔注射海人酸10mg／kg，生理盐水组腹腔注射生理盐水35μ/Lg。注射后连续5h观察小鼠是否有痫性发作并分级，进行脑电图描记。结果空白对照组无痫性发作，两模型组均出现痫性发作，海人酸致痫组与青霉素致痫组按Racine分级0～V级各级之间无明显差异（P〉0．05），小鼠出现癫痫的潜伏期海人酸致痫组比青霉素致痫组短（P〈0．05），而且海人酸致痫组比青霉素致痫组死亡率低（P〈0.05）。结论腹腔注射海人酸所致的动物模型具有与人类颞叶癫痫极为相似的癫痫发作行为学、脑电图特征，是理想的模拟人类颞叶癫痫的动物模型。

英文摘要：

Objective To establish the mouse models of acute epilepsy induced by kainic acid or penicillin, and explore the characteristics and condition of application of the 2 agents. Methods Ninety healthy male Kunming mice were selected and divided randomly into the normal saline group （n=10） and penicillin-induced group （n=40） and kainic acid-induced group （n=40）. The kainic acid-induced group were treated with 10 mg/kg kainic acid by intraperitoneal injection, the penicillin-induced group were treated with 7×10^6 U/kg penicillin by intraperitoneal injection, and the ones in the normal saline group were treated with 35μL/g normal saline by intraperitoneal injection. After injection, seizure was observed continuously and graded in the following 5 h and monitored by electroencephalogram （EEG）. Results Totally 80 mice of the penicillin- and kainic acid-induced groups entered the final analysis. It was noted that the latency of the appearance of the status epilepticus by kainic acid was shorter than that by penicillin （P〈0.05）, and the mortality rate was lower as well （P〈 0.05）. Conclusions Acute epilepsy model reproduced by kainic acid might be superior to the one by penicillin because of the similar behavior and EEG features with human temporal epilepsy.