中文摘要：

聚膦腈是一类主链由磷氮原子交替组成，每个磷原子带有两个有机官能团侧基的有机一无机杂化高分子，其化学结构强大的可设计性赋予了材料丰富的理化性能。作为生物学用途的聚膦腈材料，生物相容性、生物可降解性和功能化改性是实现其应用的关键因素。本文从数种功能化聚膦腈（如光致荧光、导电、聚膦腈一聚酯共聚物）的制备、聚膦腈的降解机理和降解行为调控，以及生物可降解聚膦腈作为组织工程支架材料、药物载体材料和基因转染材料等几个方面，较为全面地综述了聚膦腈生物医用高分子的研究进展。

英文摘要：

Polyphosphazenes are hybrid inorganic-organic polymers composed of a backbone containing alternative phosphorus and nitrogen atoms with two （usually organic） side groups linked to each phosphorus atom. Various properties can be obtained due to the high flexibility in molecular design of polyphosphazene chemistry. Biocompatibility, biodegrability and functionalization are among the key factors in determining the applications of biodegradable polyphosphazenes in biomedical fields. In this paper, functional polyphosphazene-based biomaterials, including cationic polyphosphazene, photoluminiscent polyphosphazene, conducting polyphosphazene, and polyphosphazene-polyester copolymer etc. , were reviewed to introduce their recent developments. These functional polyphosphazenes can find wide applications in biomedical areas as tissue engineering scaffolds, drug and gene delivery carriers.